About the Authors

Brandon J. Auerbach

brandon_auerbach@hms.harvard.edu

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Steven J. Reynolds

Affiliations Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Mohammed Lamorde

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland

Concepta Merry

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

Collins Kukunda-Byobona

Affiliation Department of Botany, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

Ponsiano Ocama

Affiliations Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

Aggrey S. Semeere

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

Anthony Ndyanabo

Affiliation Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda

Iga Boaz

Affiliation Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda

Valerian Kiggundu

Affiliation Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda

Fred Nalugoda

Affiliation Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda

Ron H. Gray

Affiliations Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda, Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Maria J. Wawer

Affiliations Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda, Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

David L. Thomas

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Gregory D. Kirk

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Thomas C. Quinn

Affiliations Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Lara Stabinski

Affiliations Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LS SJR TCQ PO GDK. Performed the experiments: LS SJR IB PO. Analyzed the data: BJA LS GDK AN. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CKB. Wrote the paper: BJA LS. Provided additional technical assistance and contributed to interpretation of the data: BJA CKB ML CM AS PO VK IB FN AN MJW RHG DLT.