About the Authors

Anna-Maija Tolppanen

Affiliation MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Adrian Sayers

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

William D. Fraser

Affiliation Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom

Glyn Lewis

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Stanley Zammit

Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom

John McGrath

Affiliation Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research and Department of Psychiatry and Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia

Debbie A. Lawlor

D.A.Lawlor@bristol.ac.uk

Affiliation MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AMT GL SZ DAL. Analyzed the data: AMT AS. Wrote the paper: AMT AS WDF GL SZ JMG DAL. Obtained funding, supervised the analyses and project: DAL. Vitamin D assays: WDF. PLIKS assessment: GL SZ.