About the Authors

Alexa K. Hughes

Affiliation Biodesign Institute, Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

Zbigniew Cichacz

Affiliation Biodesign Institute, Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

Adrienne Scheck

Affiliation Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America

Stephen W. Coons

Affiliation Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America

Stephen Albert Johnston

Affiliation Biodesign Institute, Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

Phillip Stafford

Phillip.Stafford@asu.edu

Affiliation Biodesign Institute, Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PS. Performed the experiments: AH ZC. Analyzed the data: PS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AS SWC. Wrote the paper: PS. Conceived the principal of immunosignaturing: PS SAJ.