About the Authors

Hao Ma

Affiliation Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America

Mark Hostuttler

Affiliation National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, West Virginia, United States of America

Hairong Wei

Affiliation School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, United States of America

Caird E. Rexroad III

Affiliation National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, West Virginia, United States of America

Jianbo Yao

jianbo.yao@mail.wvu.edu

Affiliation Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JY HM CER. Performed the experiments: HM. Analyzed the data: HM HW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MH CER. Wrote the paper: HM JY.