About the Authors

Aaron M. Ellison

aellison@fas.harvard.edu (AME); cdavis@oeb.harvard.edu (CCD)

Affiliation Harvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Elena D. Butler

Affiliation Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Massachusetts, United States of America

Emily Jean Hicks

Affiliations Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, United States of America, Regulatory Services, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America

Robert F. C. Naczi

Affiliation The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, United States of America

Patrick J. Calie

Affiliation Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, United States of America

Charles D. Bell

Affiliation University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America

Charles C. Davis

aellison@fas.harvard.edu (AME); cdavis@oeb.harvard.edu (CCD)

Affiliation Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AME EDB RFCN PC CCD. Performed the experiments: EDB EJH RFCN. Analyzed the data: EDB EJH PC CDB CCD. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PC CCD. Wrote the paper: AME EDB RFCN CDB CCD.