About the Authors

Gerry McCartney

gmccartney@nhs.net

Affiliation Public Health Science Directorate, NHS Health Scotland, Glasgow, Scotland

Martin Shipley

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Carole Hart

Affiliation Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland

George Davey-Smith

Affiliation MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Mika Kivimäki

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

David Walsh

Affiliation Glasgow Centre for Population Health, Glasgow, Scotland

Graham C. Watt

Affiliation Section of General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland

G. David Batty

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GDS GDB GM MS CH MK DW GW. Analyzed the data: MS. Wrote the paper: GM GDB MS CH. Provided substantial contributions to the redrafting of the paper: GM MS CH GDS MK DW GW GDB. Agreed on final draft: GM MS CH GDS MK DW GW GDB. Guarantor: GM.