About the Authors

Gaston De Serres

gaston.deserres@ssss.gouv.qc.ca

Affiliations Centre de recherche du CHUQ-CHUL, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

Marie-Claude Gariépy

Affiliation Centre de recherche du CHUQ-CHUL, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

Brenda Coleman

Affiliation Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Isabelle Rouleau

Affiliation Centre de recherche du CHUQ-CHUL, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

Shelly McNeil

Affiliation Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

Mélanie Benoît

Affiliation Centre de recherche du CHUQ-CHUL, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

Allison McGeer

Affiliation Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Ardith Ambrose

Affiliation Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

Judy Needham

Affiliation Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Chantal Bergeron

Affiliation The Ottawa General Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Cynthia Grenier

Affiliation Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada

Kenna Sleigh

Affiliation University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Arlene Kallos

Affiliation Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Manale Ouakki

Affiliation Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

Najwa Ouhoummane

Affiliation Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

Grant Stiver

Affiliation University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Louis Valiquette

Affiliation Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada

Anne McCarthy

Affiliation The Ottawa General Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Julie Bettinger

Affiliation Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

on behalf of the PHAC-CIHR influenza Research Network (PCIRN)

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal’s policy and have the following conflicts: Gaston De Serres has received research grant from GSK, Sanofi Pasteur. Shelly McNeil has research grants from GSK, Pfizer, and Sanofi and participated in clinical trials for GSK, Sanofi, Pfizer, Merck, Novartis. She has received speaking fees/honoraria from Merck, GsK and Pfizer. Mélanie Benoît owned Janssen-ortho stocks and/or stock options and was an employee of Janssen-ortho (Johnson and Johnson) until 2009. Louis Valiquette has served on advisory boards for Abbott and Wyeth, and has received compensation to conduct clinical trials involving antibacterials from Genzyme, Wyeth, Merck, Pfizer, BioCryst, and Optimer. The other authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GDS SM A. McGeer GS LV A. McCarthy JB. Performed the experiments: M-CG BC IR MB AA CB CG KS AK. Analyzed the data: MO NO. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GDS M-CG BC IR SM MB A. McGeer AA JN CB CG KS AK MO NO GS LV A. McCarthy JB. Wrote the paper: M-CG GDS.