About the Authors

Amélie Bonnefond

Contributed equally to this work with: Amélie Bonnefond, Julien Philippe

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Julien Philippe

Contributed equally to this work with: Amélie Bonnefond, Julien Philippe

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Emmanuelle Durand

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Aurélie Dechaume

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Marlène Huyvaert

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Louise Montagne

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France, Department of Pediatrics, Saint Antoine Pediatric Hospital, Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital, Catholic University of Lille, Lille, France

Michel Marre

Affiliations Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France, Inserm-U695, Paris 7 University, Paris, France

Beverley Balkau

Affiliations Inserm-U1018, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France, Paris-Sud 11 University, Villejuif, France

Isabelle Fajardy

Affiliation Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Anne Vambergue

Affiliations Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France, EA 4489 “Perinatal Environment and Fetal Growth”, Department of Diabetology, Huriez Hospital, CHRU Lille, Lille, France

Vincent Vatin

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Jérôme Delplanque

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

David Le Guilcher

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Franck De Graeve

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Cécile Lecoeur

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Olivier Sand

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Martine Vaxillaire

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France

Philippe Froguel

p.froguel@imperial.ac.uk

Affiliations CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, Lille Nord de France University, Lille, France, Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AB PF. Performed the experiments: AB JP ED AD MH DLG FDG CL OS. Analyzed the data: AB JP LM AV MV PF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MM BB IF VV JD PF. Wrote the paper: AB PF.