About the Authors

Nanna B. Johansen

Contributed equally to this work with: Nanna B. Johansen, Dorte Vistisen

nabj@steno.dk

Affiliation Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Gentofte, Denmark

Dorte Vistisen

Contributed equally to this work with: Nanna B. Johansen, Dorte Vistisen

Affiliation Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Gentofte, Denmark

Eric J. Brunner

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Adam G. Tabák

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom, Semmelweis University Faculty of Medicine, 1st Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

Martin J. Shipley

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Ian B. Wilkinson

Affiliation Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Carmel M. McEniery

Affiliation Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Michael Roden

Affiliations Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Department of Metabolic Diseases, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

Christian Herder

Affiliation Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

Mika Kivimäki

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Daniel R. Witte

Affiliations Steno Diabetes Center A/S, Gentofte, Denmark, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal's policy and have the following conflicts: Pfizer partly funded this study. NBJ, DV and DRW are employed by Steno Diabetes Center A/S, which is a research and teaching hospital collaborating with the Danish National Health Service and owned by Novo Nordisk A/S. NBJ, DV and DRW hold shares in Novo Nordisk A/S. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NBJ DV EJB AGT MJS MK DRW CMM IBW. Performed the experiments: CH DRW AGT. Analyzed the data: DV NBJ DRW MK MS EJB AGT CMM IBW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CMM IBW. Wrote the paper: NBJ DV. Made critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: MK MS MR CH DRW EJB AGT CMM IBW.