About the Authors

Ting Yang

Affiliations Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Beijing University, The First Hospital, Beijing, China, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Lei Zhuang

Affiliation Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom

António M. Rei Fidalgo

Affiliation Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Evgenia Petrides

Affiliation Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Niccolo Terrando

Affiliation Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Xinmin Wu

Affiliation Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Robert D. Sanders

Affiliation Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Nicola J. Robertson

Affiliation Neonatology, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Mark R. Johnson

Affiliation Reproductive Biology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Mervyn Maze

Affiliation Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Daqing Ma

d.ma@imperial.ac.uk

Affiliation Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DM MM MRJ NJR. Performed the experiments: TY LZ AMR EP. Analyzed the data: TY LZ AMR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: XW RDS. Wrote the paper: TY DM NT RDS.