About the Authors

Sheree R. Schwartz

sschwartz@wrhi.ac.za

Affiliations Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Helen Rees

Affiliation Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Shruti Mehta

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Willem Daniel Francois Venter

Affiliation Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Taha E. Taha

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Vivian Black

Affiliation Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SS VB SM TT WDFV HR. Performed the experiments: SS VB. Analyzed the data: SS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SS SM TT. Wrote the paper: SS VB SM TT WDFV HR.