About the Authors

Filipe O. Costa

fcosta@bio.uminho.pt

Affiliation CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal

Monica Landi

Affiliation CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal

Rogelia Martins

Affiliation INRB, IP/IPIMAR, Lisboa, Portugal

Maria H. Costa

Affiliation IMAR – Instituto do Mar, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal

Maria E. Costa

Affiliation Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologias (FCT), Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal

Miguel Carneiro

Affiliation INRB, IP/IPIMAR, Lisboa, Portugal

Maria J. Alves

Affiliation Museu Nacional de História Natural & Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal

Dirk Steinke

Affiliation Biodiversity Institute of Ontario University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

Gary R. Carvalho

Affiliation Molecular Ecology and Fisheries Genetics Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: FOC ML DS GRC. Performed the experiments: FOC ML RM MHC MEC MC MJA. Analyzed the data: FOC ML DS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: FOC ML RM MHC MEC MC MJA DS GRC. Wrote the paper: FOC ML. Drafted the manuscript: FOC ML RM MHC MEC MC MJA DS GRC. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.