About the Authors

Diane Thomas

Contributed equally to this work with: Diane Thomas, John Naughton

Affiliation Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

John Naughton

Contributed equally to this work with: Diane Thomas, John Naughton

Affiliation Nomis Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Christopher Cote

Affiliation Bacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Susan Welkos

Affiliation Bacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Marianne Manchester

mmanchester@ucsd.edu (MM); jyoung@salk.edu (JATY)

Affiliation Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

John A. T. Young

mmanchester@ucsd.edu (MM); jyoung@salk.edu (JATY)

Affiliation Nomis Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

JATY is a scientific founder of Pharmathene, Inc. MM and JATY hold stock in Pharmathene, Inc. Pharmathene's product portfolio related to anthrax includes * SparVax™ - recombinant protective antigen (rPA) anthrax vaccine, and * Valortim® - fully human monoclonal antibody antitoxin – treatment of anthrax. JATY and MM have a US patent Appl. No.: 12/070,384, Antitoxin and vaccine platform based on nodavirus VLPs. JATY has US patent application 11/340,424, Anthrax antitoxins. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DET JN CC SW JATY MM. Performed the experiments: DET JN CC MM. Analyzed the data: DET JN CC SW JATY MM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DET JN CC SW JATY MM. Wrote the paper: DET JN CC SW JATY MM.