About the Authors

Zhi Yong Liu

Contributed equally to this work with: Zhi Yong Liu, Zi Long Wang

Affiliations Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China, Experimental Animal Center, Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Nanchang, China

Zi Long Wang

Contributed equally to this work with: Zhi Yong Liu, Zi Long Wang

Affiliation Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China

Wei Yu Yan

Affiliation Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China

Xiao Bo Wu

Affiliation Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China

Zhi Jiang Zeng

bees1965@sina.com; bees@msu.edu (ZYH)

Affiliation Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China

Zachary Y. Huang

bees1965@sina.com; bees@msu.edu (ZYH)

Affiliations Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: ZYH ZJZ. Performed the experiments: ZYL ZLW. Analyzed the data: ZLW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: WYY XBW. Wrote the paper: ZYH ZYL ZJZ.