About the Authors

Susan Hariri

shariri@cdc.gov

Affiliation Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Martin Steinau

Affiliation Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Allen Rinas

Affiliation Gillings School of Global Public Health and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Julia W. Gargano

Affiliations Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Christina Ludema

Affiliation Gillings School of Global Public Health and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Elizabeth R. Unger

Affiliation Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Alicia L. Carter

Affiliation Laboratory Corporation of America® Holdings, Burlington, North Carolina, United States of America

Kathy L. Grant

Affiliation Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Melanie Bamberg

Affiliation Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America

James E. McDermott

Affiliation Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America

Lauri E. Markowitz

Affiliation Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Noel T. Brewer

Affiliation Gillings School of Global Public Health and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Jennifer S. Smith

Affiliation Gillings School of Global Public Health and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Competing Interests

Co-author Alicia Carter is an Associate Vice President, the Atlantic Division Medical Director, and an Anatomic Pathology Discipline Director at LabCorp. She states that she does not have any declarations relating to SH's employment, consultancy, patents, or any other products that would alter the adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. All other authors have declared that no competing interests exist that may alter their adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SH JS LEM ERU NB. Performed the experiments: MS ERU. Analyzed the data: SH JWG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AR CL ALC KLG MB. Wrote the paper: SH JWG MS.