About the Authors

Susan E. Christensen

Affiliations Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Jeffrey M. Coles

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Nicole A. Zelenski

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Bridgette D. Furman

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Holly A. Leddy

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Stefan Zauscher

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Paolo Bonaldo

Affiliation Department of Histology, Microbiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

Farshid Guilak

guilak@duke.edu

Affiliations Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SEC SZ PB FG. Performed the experiments: SEC JC NZ BDF HAL. Analyzed the data: SEC JC NZ BDF HAL FG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SZ PB FG. Wrote the paper: SEC JC NZ BDF HAL SZ PB FG.