About the Authors

Sara Temiyasathit

Affiliations Bone and Joint Rehabilitation R&D Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Palo Alto, California, United States of America, Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

W. Joyce Tang

Affiliation Bone and Joint Rehabilitation R&D Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Philipp Leucht

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Charles T. Anderson

Affiliation Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America

Stefanie D. Monica

Affiliation Department of Surgery-Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Alesha B. Castillo

Affiliations Bone and Joint Rehabilitation R&D Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Palo Alto, California, United States of America, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Jill A. Helms

Affiliation Department of Surgery-Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Tim Stearns

Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Christopher R. Jacobs

crj2111@columbia.edu

Affiliations Bone and Joint Rehabilitation R&D Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Palo Alto, California, United States of America, Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: ST JAH TS CRJ. Performed the experiments: ST WJT PL CTA SDM. Analyzed the data: ST WJT ABC JAH TS CRJ. Wrote the paper: ST CRJ.