About the Authors

Alexander Strom

Contributed equally to this work with: Alexander Strom, Hubert Kolb

alexander.strom@ddz.uni-duesseldorf.de

Affiliation Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany

Hubert Kolb

Contributed equally to this work with: Alexander Strom, Hubert Kolb

Affiliation Immunobiology Research Group, University Hospital, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

Stephan Martin

Affiliation West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Verbund Katholischer Kliniken Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

Christian Herder

Affiliation Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany

Marie-Christine Simon

Affiliation Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany

Wolfgang Koenig

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine II - Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany

Tim Heise

Affiliation Profil Institute for Metabolic Research, Neuss, Germany

Lutz Heinemann

Affiliation Profil Institute for Metabolic Research, Neuss, Germany

Michael Roden

Affiliations Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, Department of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany

Nanette C. Schloot

Current address: BU Diabetes, Lilly Deutschland GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany

Affiliations Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, Department of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany

on behalf of the DIATOR Study Group

A complete list of the DIATOR Study Group can be found in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal's policy and have the following conflicts: T. Heise and L. Heinemann are employed by Profil Institute of Metabolic Research which was contracted to conduct the trial. N.C. Schloot is employed by Lilly Deutschland GmbH. The study was funded by an unrestricted grant from Pfizer Pharma GmbH, Berlin. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SM HK. Performed the experiments: SM TH LH NCS MCS WK CH. Analyzed the data: AS HK NCS. Wrote the paper: AS HK NCS. Data interpretation: HK AS SM TH LH NCS MCS WK CH MR. Revision and final approval: HK AS SM TH LH NCS MCS WK CH MR.