About the Authors

Berhan Ayele

Affiliation The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abaineh Aemere

Affiliation Goncha Siso Enese Woreda Health Office, Gindewoin, Ethiopia

Teshome Gebre

Affiliation The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Zerihun Tadesse

Affiliation The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Nicole E. Stoller

Affiliation Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Craig W. See

Affiliation Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Sun N. Yu

Affiliation Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Bruce D. Gaynor

Affiliations Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Charles E. McCulloch

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Travis C. Porco

Affiliations Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Paul M. Emerson

Affiliation The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Thomas M. Lietman

Affiliations Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Institute for Global Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Jeremy D. Keenan

jeremy.keenan@ucsf.edu

Affiliations Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NES CWS SNY BDG TCP TML JDK. Performed the experiments: BA AA TG ZT NES CWS JDK. Analyzed the data: BA CEM TCP TML JDK. Wrote the paper: BA AA TG ZT NES CWS SNY BDG CEM TCP PME TML JDK.