About the Authors

Jean Mukherjee

Contributed equally to this work with: Jean Mukherjee, Jacqueline M. Tremblay

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America

Jacqueline M. Tremblay

Contributed equally to this work with: Jean Mukherjee, Jacqueline M. Tremblay

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America

Clinton E. Leysath

Affiliation National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Kwasi Ofori

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America

Karen Baldwin

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America

Xiaochuan Feng

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America

Daniela Bedenice

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America

Robert P. Webb

Affiliation United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Patrick M. Wright

Affiliation United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Leonard A. Smith

Affiliation United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Saul Tzipori

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America

Charles B. Shoemaker

charles.shoemaker@tufts.edu

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JM CEL CBS. Performed the experiments: JM JMT CEL KO KB XF DB. Analyzed the data: JM JMT CEL XF ST CBS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RPW PMW LAS. Wrote the paper: CBS.