About the Authors

João Canning-Clode

canning-clodej@si.edu

Affiliations Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, United States of America, IMAR / Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal, Center of Oceanography, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

Amy E. Fowler

Affiliation Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, United States of America

James E. Byers

Affiliation The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America

James T. Carlton

Affiliation Williams College – Mystic Seaport, Mystic, Connecticut, United States of America

Gregory M. Ruiz

Affiliation Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JCC. Performed the experiments: JCC AEF. Analyzed the data: JCC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JCC AEF JEB JTC GMR. Wrote the paper: JCC AEF JEB JTC GMR.