About the Authors
- Gretchen E. Hofmann
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Affiliation Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara California, United States of America
- Jennifer E. Smith
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Affiliation Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Kenneth S. Johnson
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Affiliation Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California, United States of America
- Uwe Send
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Affiliation Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Lisa A. Levin
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Affiliation Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Fiorenza Micheli
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Affiliation Department of Biology, Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, California, United States of America
- Adina Paytan
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Affiliation Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
- Nichole N. Price
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Affiliation Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Brittany Peterson
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Affiliation Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Yuichiro Takeshita
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Affiliation Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Paul G. Matson
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Affiliation Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara California, United States of America
- Elizabeth Derse Crook
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Affiliation Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
- Kristy J. Kroeker
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Affiliation Department of Biology, Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, California, United States of America
- Maria Cristina Gambi
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Affiliation Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
- Emily B. Rivest
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Affiliation Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara California, United States of America
- Christina A. Frieder
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Affiliation Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Pauline C. Yu
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Affiliation Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara California, United States of America
- Todd R. Martz
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* E-mail: trmartz@ucsd.edu
Affiliation Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: GEH TRM JES KSJ US LAL FM AP. Performed the experiments: BP YT JES US AP NNP PGM EDC KJK MCG EBR CAF PCY. Analyzed the data: GEH JES KSJ US LAL FM AP NNP PGM EDC KJK EBR CAF PCY TRM. Wrote the paper: GEH TRM.