About the Authors

Welkin H. Pope

Affiliation Pittsburgh Bacteriophage Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Christina M. Ferreira

Affiliation Pittsburgh Bacteriophage Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Deborah Jacobs-Sera

Affiliation Pittsburgh Bacteriophage Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Robert C. Benjamin

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America

Ariangela J. Davis

Affiliation Department of Biology, Calvin College, Grand Rapids , Michigan, United States of America

Randall J. DeJong

Affiliation Department of Biology, Calvin College, Grand Rapids , Michigan, United States of America

Sarah C. R. Elgin

Affiliation Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Forrest R. Guilfoile

Affiliation Pittsburgh Bacteriophage Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Mark H. Forsyth

Affiliation Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America

Alexander D. Harris

Affiliation Department of Biology, Calvin College, Grand Rapids , Michigan, United States of America

Samuel E. Harvey

Affiliation Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America

Lee E. Hughes

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America

Peter M. Hynes

Affiliation Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Arrykka S. Jackson

Affiliation Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America

Marilyn D. Jalal

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America

Elizabeth A. MacMurray

Affiliation Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America

Coreen M. Manley

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America

Molly J. McDonough

Affiliation Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America

Jordan L. Mosier

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America

Larissa J. Osterbann

Affiliation Department of Biology, Calvin College, Grand Rapids , Michigan, United States of America

Hannah S. Rabinowitz

Affiliation Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Corwin N. Rhyan

Affiliation Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Daniel A. Russell

Affiliation Pittsburgh Bacteriophage Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Margaret S. Saha

Affiliation Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America

Christopher D. Shaffer

Affiliation Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Stephanie E. Simon

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America

Erika F. Sims

Affiliation Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Isabel G. Tovar

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America

Emilie G. Weisser

Affiliation Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

John T. Wertz

Affiliation Department of Biology, Calvin College, Grand Rapids , Michigan, United States of America

Kathleen A. Weston-Hafer

Affiliation Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Kurt E. Williamson

Affiliation Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America

Bo Zhang

Affiliation Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Steven G. Cresawn

Affiliation Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg , Virginia, United States of America

Paras Jain

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America

Mariana Piuri

Current address: Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Affiliation Pittsburgh Bacteriophage Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

William R. Jacobs Jr

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America

Roger W. Hendrix

Affiliation Pittsburgh Bacteriophage Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Graham F. Hatfull

gfh@pitt.edu

Affiliation Pittsburgh Bacteriophage Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CMF GFH WHP. Performed the experiments: PJ AJD RJDJ ADH LJO JTW MHF SEH ASJ EAM MJM MSS KEW RCB LEH JLM SES CMF FRG DJ-S MP WHP DAR PMH HSR CNR EFS EGW KAW-H BZ. Analyzed the data: WRJ PJ MHF SEH ASJ EAM MJM MSS KEW RCB LEH MDJ CMM SEM IGT SMF GFH RWH WHP SCRE PMH HSR CNR CDS EFS EGW KAW-H BZ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AJD RJDJ JTW SGC CMF. Wrote the paper: WRJ GFH RWH WHP.