About the Authors

Bing Na

Contributed equally to this work with: Bing Na, Zhiming Huang

Affiliations Pathology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Zhiming Huang

Contributed equally to this work with: Bing Na, Zhiming Huang

Affiliation Pathology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Qian Wang

Affiliation Pathology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Zhongxia Qi

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Yongjun Tian

Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Cheng-Chan Lu

Affiliation Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan

Jingwei Yu

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Martha A. Hanes

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Animal Resources, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Sanjay Kakar

Affiliations Pathology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Eric J. Huang

Affiliations Pathology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

J.-H. James Ou

Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Limin Liu

Limin.Liu@ucsf.edu

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

T. S. Benedict Yen

Affiliations Pathology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BN ZH QW ZQ YT JY J-HJO LL TSBY. Performed the experiments: BN ZH QW ZQ YT MAH SK TSBY. Analyzed the data: BN ZH QW ZQ YT JY MAH SK EJH J-HJO LL TSBY. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: C-CL JHJO. Wrote the paper: TSBY LL.