About the Authors
- Theru A. Sivakumaran
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Contributed equally to this work with: Theru A. Sivakumaran, Robert P. Igo Jr
Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Robert P. Igo Jr
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Contributed equally to this work with: Theru A. Sivakumaran, Robert P. Igo Jr
Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Jeffrey M. Kidd
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Affiliation Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Andy Itsara
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Affiliation Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Laura J. Kopplin
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Affiliation Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Wei Chen
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Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Stephanie A. Hagstrom
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Affiliations Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Neal S. Peachey
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Affiliations Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Peter J. Francis
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Affiliation Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Michael L. Klein
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Affiliation Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Emily Y. Chew
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Affiliation Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Vedam L. Ramprasad
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Affiliation SNONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- Wan-Ting Tay
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Affiliation Singapore Eye Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Paul Mitchell
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Affiliation Centre for Vision Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Mark Seielstad
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Affiliation Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Dwight E. Stambolian
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Affiliation Departments of Ophthalmology and Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Albert O. Edwards
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Affiliation Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
- Kristine E. Lee
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Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Dmitry V. Leontiev
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Gyungah Jun
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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Yang Wang
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Liping Tian
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Feiyou Qiu
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Alice K. Henning
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Affiliation The EMMES Corporation, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Thomas LaFramboise
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Affiliation Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Parveen Sen
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Affiliation Department of Medical Retina, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- Manoharan Aarthi
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Affiliation SNONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- Ronnie George
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Affiliation Department of Glaucoma, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- Rajiv Raman
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Affiliation Department of Medical Retina, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- Manmath Kumar Das
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Affiliation Department of Medical Retina, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- Lingam Vijaya
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Affiliation Department of Medical Retina, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- Govindasamy Kumaramanickavel
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Affiliation SNONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- Tien Y. Wong
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Affiliations Singapore Eye Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Australia
- Anand Swaroop
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Affiliations Neurobiology Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Kellogg Eye Center and Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Goncalo R. Abecasis
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Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Ronald Klein
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Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Barbara E. K. Klein
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Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Deborah A. Nickerson
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Affiliation Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Evan E. Eichler
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Affiliations Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Sudha K. Iyengar
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* E-mail: ski@case.edu
Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
Competing Interests
Of two co-authors of this paper who have declared conflict, Alice Henning is employed by the EMMES corporation, and Dr. Evan E. Eichler is a member of the scientific advisory board for Pacific Biosciences, respectively. Their association with each respective organization does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing of data and materials.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: TAS SKI. Performed the experiments: TAS LT VLR. Analyzed the data: TAS RPI JMK AI LJK WC WTT DVL GJ YW FQ TL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SAH NSP PJF MLK EYC PM MS DES AOE KEL AKH PS MA RG RR MKD LV GK TYW AS GRA RK BEKK DAN EEE SKI. Wrote the paper: TAS RPI EEE AS RK BEKK SKI.