About the Authors

Katherine Fielding

Katherine.fielding@lshtm.ac.uk

Affiliation Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Ai Koba

Affiliation Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Alison D. Grant

Affiliation Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Salome Charalambous

Affiliation The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa

John Day

Affiliations Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa

Cedric Spak

Current address: Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Anna Wald

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Meei-Li Huang

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Lawrence Corey

Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Gavin J. Churchyard

Affiliations Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal's policy and have the following conflicts. 1. The parent study referred to in the manuscript was funded by Anglogold. 2. Aurum Health Research, which at the time was a wholly owned subsidiary company of AngloGold Health Services, provided salary support to KF, SC, JD and GJC. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: KF ADG SC JD AW LC GJC. Performed the experiments: SC JD CS. Analyzed the data: KF ADG AW MLH LC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CS AW LC. Wrote the paper: KF AK ADG SC JD CS AW MLH LC GJC.