About the Authors

Julia Fischer

fischer@cog-ethol.de

Affiliation Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany

Stuart Semple

Affiliation Centre for Research in Evolutionary Anthropology, Roehampton University, London, United Kingdom

Gisela Fickenscher

Affiliation Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany

Rebecca Jürgens

Affiliation Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany

Eberhard Kruse

Affiliation Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

Michael Heistermann

Affiliation Reproductive Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany

Ofer Amir

Affiliation Department of Communication Disorders, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JF SS OA. Performed the experiments: GF SS MH. Analyzed the data: JF SS. Wrote the paper: JF SS. Analysis of vowels: OA. Analysis of free speech: RJ. Performed the laryngoscopy: EK.