About the Authors

Lawrence T. Bish

Contributed equally to this work with: Lawrence T. Bish, Isaac George

bish@mail.med.upenn.edu

Affiliation Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Isaac George

Contributed equally to this work with: Lawrence T. Bish, Isaac George

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Simon Maybaum

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America

Jonathan Yang

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Jonathan M. Chen

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

H. Lee Sweeney

Affiliation Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LB IG SM JY JC HS. Performed the experiments: LB IG. Analyzed the data: LB IG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HS. Wrote the paper: LB IG.