About the Authors

Richard W. Douce

rdouce@hcjb.org.ec

Affiliation Hospital Vozandes, Quito, Ecuador

Washington Aleman

Affiliation Hospitals Alcivar y Vernaza, Guayaquil, Ecuador

Wilson Chicaiza-Ayala

Affiliation Hospital Vozandes, Quito, Ecuador

Cesar Madrid

Affiliation Hospital Naval, Guayaquil, Ecuador

Merly Sovero

Affiliation United States Naval Medical Research Unit Six, Lima, Peru

Franklin Delgado

Affiliation Hospital Naval, Guayaquil, Ecuador

Mireya Rodas

Affiliation Hospitals Alcivar y Vernaza, Guayaquil, Ecuador

Julia Ampuero

Affiliation United States Naval Medical Research Unit Six, Lima, Peru

Gloria Chauca

Affiliation United States Naval Medical Research Unit Six, Lima, Peru

Juan Perez

Affiliation United States Naval Medical Research Unit Six, Lima, Peru

Josefina Garcia

Affiliation United States Naval Medical Research Unit Six, Lima, Peru

Tadeusz Kochel

Affiliation United States Naval Medical Research Unit Six, Lima, Peru

Eric S. Halsey

Affiliation United States Naval Medical Research Unit Six, Lima, Peru

V. Alberto Laguna-Torres

Affiliation United States Naval Medical Research Unit Six, Lima, Peru

Competing Interests

Eric S. Halsey and T. Kochel are U.S. military service members, and V. Alberto Laguna-Torres, Julia Ampuero, Gloria Chauca, Juan Perez, Josefina Garcia and Merly Sovero are employees of the U.S. Government. This work was prepared as part of their official duties.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RWD VAL TK. Performed the experiments: MS JG. Analyzed the data: RWD VAL JA TK JP ESH JC MS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JP MS JA. Wrote the paper: RWD VAL. Principal investigator: VAL RD. Final approval: ESH. Data acquisition: WC-A WA CM FD MR. Local analysis: RWD WC JP JA. Critical revision: JA ESH. Senior Laboratory Supervisor: GC.