About the Authors

Timothy Etheridge

Contributed equally to this work with: Timothy Etheridge, Kanako Nemoto

Affiliation Division of Clinical Physiology, Royal Derby Hospital, University of Nottingham, Derby, England

Kanako Nemoto

Contributed equally to this work with: Timothy Etheridge, Kanako Nemoto

Affiliation Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Toko Hashizume

Affiliation Advanced Engineering Services Co., Ltd., Tsukuba, Japan

Chihiro Mori

Affiliation Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Tomoko Sugimoto

Affiliation ISS Science Project Office, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba, Japan

Hiromi Suzuki

Affiliation Japan Space Forum, Ohtemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Japan

Keiji Fukui

Affiliation Japan Space Forum, Ohtemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Japan

Takashi Yamazaki

Affiliation ISS Science Project Office, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba, Japan

Akira Higashibata

Affiliation ISS Science Project Office, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba, Japan

Nathaniel J. Szewczyk

ahigashi@ige.tohoku.ac.jp (AH); nathaniel.szewczyk@nottingham.ac.uk (NJS)

Affiliation Division of Clinical Physiology, Royal Derby Hospital, University of Nottingham, Derby, England

Atsushi Higashitani

ahigashi@ige.tohoku.ac.jp (AH); nathaniel.szewczyk@nottingham.ac.uk (NJS)

Affiliation Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Advanced Engineering Services Co. Ltd. has a contract with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. They provided support and integrated this spaceflight experiment, and have no commercial purpose in this study. Advanced Engineering Services Co. Ltd. employs Ms Hashizume, and they approve her authorship on this manuscript. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TE KF A. Higashibata NJS A. Higashitani. Performed the experiments: TE KN TH CM TS A. Higashibata NJS A. Higashitani. Analyzed the data: TE KN TH A. Higashibata NJS A. Higashitani. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HS KF TY. Wrote the paper: TE NJS A. Higashitani.