About the Authors

James D. San Antonio

jsanantonio@orthovita.com (JDSA); orgel@iit.edu (JPROO)

Affiliation Operations, Orthovita, Inc., Malvern, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Mary H. Schweitzer

Affiliations Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America, Museum of the Rockies, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America

Shane T. Jensen

Affiliation Department of Statistics, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Raghu Kalluri

Affiliations Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Michael Buckley

Affiliations Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, Department of Archaeology, The University of York, York, United Kingdom

Joseph P. R. O. Orgel

jsanantonio@orthovita.com (JDSA); orgel@iit.edu (JPROO)

Affiliation Department of Biology, Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Competing Interests

The lead author is an employee of private industry, Orthovita, Inc. However, this is an academic study that the company is allowing to be researched and published, and with which they have no financial or proprietary interest. The last author, J. Orgel, is a Biochemistry Section Editor of PLOS ONE. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JSA MS JO SJ. Performed the experiments: JSA MS JO SJ MB. Analyzed the data: JSA MS JO SJ MB RK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JSA MS JO SJ MB. Wrote the paper: JSA MS JO SJ MB RK.