About the Authors

Thomas E. Reed

t.reed@nioo.knaw.nl

Current address: Netherlands Institute for Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Affiliations School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Daniel E. Schindler

Affiliation School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Merran J. Hague

Affiliation Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Science Branch, Pacific Region, Simon Fraser University School of Resource and Environmental Management, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

David A. Patterson

Affiliation Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Science Branch, Pacific Region, Simon Fraser University School of Resource and Environmental Management, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

Eli Meir

Affiliation SimBiotic Software, Ithaca, New York, United States of America

Robin S. Waples

Affiliation National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Scott G. Hinch

Affiliation Department of Forest Sciences and Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Competing Interests

Eli Meir is affiliated with SimBiotic Software, a commercial software company that helped write the model used in this paper. SimBiotic Software does not intend to market or sell this model, and has no continuing financial interest in the outcomes of this model or the results in this paper. The primary business of SimBiotic Software is not related to the model or results discussed in this paper. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TER DES. Performed the experiments: TER. Analyzed the data: TER. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TER DES MJH DAP EM RSW SGH. Wrote the paper: TER. Designed the software used in analysis: EM TER RSW.