About the Authors

Michael J. Higley

Current address: Department of Neurobiology, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Affiliation Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Aryn H. Gittis

Contributed equally to this work with: Aryn H. Gittis, Ian A. Oldenburg

Affiliation Departments of Physiology and Neurology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Ian A. Oldenburg

Contributed equally to this work with: Aryn H. Gittis, Ian A. Oldenburg

Affiliation Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Nina Balthasar

Current address: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Affiliation Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Rebecca P. Seal

Current address: Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Affiliation Departments of Physiology and Neurology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Robert H. Edwards

Affiliation Departments of Physiology and Neurology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Bradford B. Lowell

Affiliation Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Anatol C. Kreitzer

Affiliation Departments of Physiology and Neurology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Bernardo L. Sabatini

bernardo_sabatini@hms.harvard.edu

Affiliation Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BS AK BL RE RS. Performed the experiments: MH AG IO NB. Analyzed the data: MH IO BS AG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: BL NB RS RE BS AK. Wrote the paper: MH BS.