About the Authors

Caitriona M. Guinane

Affiliation Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland

Robert M. Kent

Affiliations Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland, Department of Microbiology, University College, Cork, Ireland

Sarah Norberg

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University College, Cork, Ireland

Colin Hill

Affiliations Department of Microbiology, University College, Cork, Ireland, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College, Cork, Ireland

Gerald F. Fitzgerald

Affiliations Department of Microbiology, University College, Cork, Ireland, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College, Cork, Ireland

Catherine Stanton

Affiliations Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College, Cork, Ireland

R. Paul Ross

paul.ross@teagasc.ie

Affiliations Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland, Department of Microbiology, University College, Cork, Ireland, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College, Cork, Ireland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CG CS RPR CH GF. Performed the experiments: CG RK SN. Analyzed the data: CG RPR. Wrote the paper: CG CH CS RPR.