About the Authors
- Sara Lindstrom
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Affiliations Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Fredrick Schumacher
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Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Afshan Siddiq
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Ruth C. Travis
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Affiliation Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Daniele Campa
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Affiliation Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Sonja I. Berndt
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Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- W. Ryan Diver
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Gianluca Severi
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Affiliation Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria and the Centre for Molecular, Genetic, Environmental, and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Naomi Allen
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Affiliation Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Gerald Andriole
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Affiliation Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
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Affiliation National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Stephen J. Chanock
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Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- David Crawford
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Affiliation Urologic Oncology, University of Colorado at Denver Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- J. Michael Gaziano
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Affiliations Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology and Research Information Center (MAVERIC) and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Graham G. Giles
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Affiliations Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria and the Centre for Molecular, Genetic, Environmental, and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Edward Giovannucci
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Affiliation Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Carolyn Guo
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Affiliations Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Christopher A. Haiman
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Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Richard B. Hayes
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Affiliations Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Division of Epidemiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Jytte Halkjaer
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Affiliation The Danish Cancer Society, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
- David J. Hunter
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Affiliations Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Mattias Johansson
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Affiliations International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Rudolf Kaaks
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Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Laurence N. Kolonel
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Affiliation Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
- Carmen Navarro
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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Authority, Murcia, Spain, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
- Elio Riboli
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Carlotta Sacerdote
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Affiliation CPO-Piemonte Torino, and Human Genetics Foundation, Torino, Italy
- Meir Stampfer
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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Daniel O. Stram
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Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Michael J. Thun
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Dimitrios Trichopoulos
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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Athens, Greece
- Jarmo Virtamo
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Affiliation Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Stephanie J. Weinstein
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Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Meredith Yeager
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Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Brian Henderson
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Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Jing Ma
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Affiliation Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Loic Le Marchand
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Affiliation Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
- Demetrius Albanes
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Affiliation Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Peter Kraft
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* E-mail: pkraft@hsph.harvard.edu
Affiliations Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: SL FS AS RCT DC BH JM LLM DA PK. Performed the experiments: AS DC GS SJC SW MY CAH DH. Analyzed the data: SL FS AS RCT SIB WRD GS CG JM DA PK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: NA GA BB-d-M DC JMG GGG EG RBH JH MJ RK LNK CN ER CS MS MJT DT JV BH JM LLM DA. Wrote the manuscript: SL FS AS RCT DC JM DA PK. Critical review of manuscript: SIB WRD GS NA GA BB-d-M SC DC MG GGG EG CG CAH RH JH DJH MJ RK LNK CN ER CS MS DOS MJT DT JV SJW MY BH LLM.