About the Authors

Nora D. Volkow

nvolkow@nida.nih.gov

Affiliations National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Dardo Tomasi

Affiliation National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Gene-Jack Wang

Affiliation Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America

Joanna S. Fowler

Affiliation Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America

Frank Telang

Affiliation National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Rita Z. Goldstein

Affiliation Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America

Nelly Alia-Klein

Affiliation Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America

Christopher Wong

Affiliation Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

Dr. Volkow reports no competing interests; Dr. Tomasi reports no competing interests; Dr. Wang reports no competing interests; Dr. Fowler reports no competing interests; Dr. Telang reports no competing interests; Dr. Goldstein received consultation fee from Medical Directions, Inc. and honoraria fee from Federal Judicial Center and the Gruter Institute for Law and Behavioral Research; Dr. Klein reports no competing interests; Mr. Wong reports no competing interests. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NDV GJW. Performed the experiments: FT GJW RZG NAK. Analyzed the data: NDV DT CW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JSF DT. Wrote the paper: NDV JSF.