About the Authors
- Ted J. Kaptchuk
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* E-mail: ted_kaptchuk@hms.harvard.edu
Affiliations Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Osher Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Elizabeth Friedlander
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Affiliation Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- John M. Kelley
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Affiliations Psychology Department, Endicott College, Beverly, Massachusetts, United States of America, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- M. Norma Sanchez
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Affiliation Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Efi Kokkotou
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Affiliation Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Joyce P. Singer
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Affiliation Osher Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Magda Kowalczykowski
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Affiliation Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Franklin G. Miller
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Affiliation Department of Bioethics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Irving Kirsch
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Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
- Anthony J. Lembo
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Affiliation Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
Competing Interests
AJL has worked as a consultant for Ironwood, GSK, Salix, Alkermes, and Ardelyx. These companies have had no relationship to this study. All other authors report no competing interest or appearance of competing interest.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: TJK JMK EK FGM IK AJL. Performed the experiments: AJL EF JMK MNS JPS MK. Analyzed the data: JMK AJL IK TJK MK JPS. Wrote the paper: TJK AJL JMK FGM IK EK.