About the Authors

Teruaki Nakatsuji

Affiliations Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America, VA San Diego Healthcare Center, San Diego, California, United States of America

De-chu C. Tang

Affiliation Vaxin Inc., Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Liangfang Zhang

Affiliation Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Richard L. Gallo

Affiliations Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America, VA San Diego Healthcare Center, San Diego, California, United States of America

Chun-Ming Huang

chunming@ucsd.edu

Affiliations Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America, VA San Diego Healthcare Center, San Diego, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

Dr. Tang is Vice President, Chief Technical Officer and Scientific Founder for Vaxin Inc., a company that manufactures vaccines. Dr. Tang provided valuable comments on experimental designs and helped in manuscript preparation. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TN RG CH. Performed the experiments: TN. Analyzed the data: TN RG LZ CH. Wrote the manuscript: TN LZ CH.