About the Authors

Julie V. Harness

Affiliation Reeve-Irvine Research Center, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Nikolay A. Turovets

Affiliation International Stem Cell Corporation, Oceanside, California, United States of America

Magdalene J. Seiler

Affiliation Reeve-Irvine Research Center, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Gabriel Nistor

Affiliation Reeve-Irvine Research Center, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Gulsah Altun

Affiliation Center for Regenerative Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Larissa S. Agapova

Affiliation International Stem Cell Corporation, Oceanside, California, United States of America

David Ferguson

Affiliation Reeve-Irvine Research Center, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Louise C. Laurent

Affiliation Center for Regenerative Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Jeanne F. Loring

Affiliation Center for Regenerative Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Hans S. Keirstead

hansk@uci.edu

Affiliation Reeve-Irvine Research Center, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

NAT and LSA are employees of International Stem Cell Corporation. HSK is Chairman of the scientific advisory board of California Stem Cell, Inc. GN is a member of the scientific advisory board of California Stem Cell, Inc. Author affiliations do not affect adherence to PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JVH NAT MJS GN JFL HK. Performed the experiments: JVH NAT MJS GA LSA DF LCL. Analyzed the data: JVH NAT MJS GN GA LCL JFL HK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JFL HK. Wrote the paper: JVH NAT MJS GA JFL HK.