About the Authors

Douglas Blackiston

Affiliations Biology Department and Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Forsyth Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Tal Shomrat

Affiliation Biology Department and Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America

Cindy L. Nicolas

Affiliation Biology Department and Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America

Christopher Granata

Affiliation Boston Engineering Corporation, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Michael Levin

michael.levin@tufts.edu

Affiliation Biology Department and Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

As advised by Caroline Willis, the authors hereby confirm that the company affiliation of Christopher Granata does not in any way alter their adherence of all the PLoS One policies on sharing data and materials. This company was not a funder or sponsor of the research and does not affect the project in any way. Christopher Granata was paid for his participation in the project off a grant, as were the post-doc fellows involved, and is simply an engineer without academic affiliation. No commercial sponsorship/funding/involvement was involved in this study.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DB TS ML. Performed the experiments: DB TS. Analyzed the data: DB TS CG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CLN CG ML. Wrote the paper: DB TS ML. Designed the system and its target specs: MV.