About the Authors

Olivier F. Maminiaina

Affiliation FOFIFA-DRZV, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Patricia Gil

Affiliation CIRAD, BIOS Department, UMR CMAEE, Montpellier, France

François-Xavier Briand

Affiliation Anses-Ploufragan Plouzané Laboratory, VIPAC Unit, Ploufragan, France

Emmanuel Albina

Affiliation CIRAD, BIOS Department, UMR CMAEE, Montpellier, France

Djénéba Keita

Affiliation CIRAD, BIOS Department, UMR CMAEE, Montpellier, France

Harentsoaniaina Rasamoelina Andriamanivo

Affiliation FOFIFA-DRZV, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Véronique Chevalier

Affiliation CIRAD, ES Department, UPR AGIRS, Montpellier, France

Renaud Lancelot

Affiliation CIRAD, BIOS Department, UMR CMAEE, Montpellier, France

Dominique Martinez

Affiliation CIRAD, BIOS Department, UMR CMAEE, Montpellier, France

R. Rakotondravao

Affiliation FOFIFA-DRZV, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Jean-Joseph Rajaonarison

Affiliation Antananarivo University Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar

M. Koko

Affiliation Antananarivo University Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Abel A. Andriantsimahavandy

Affiliation Antananarivo University Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Véronique Jestin

Affiliation Anses-Ploufragan Plouzané Laboratory, VIPAC Unit, Ploufragan, France

Renata Servan de Almeida

renata.almeida@cirad.fr

Affiliation CIRAD, BIOS Department, UMR CMAEE, Montpellier, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: OFM PG EA RSdA. Performed the experiments: OFM PG FXB DK RSdA. Analyzed the data: OFM PG FXB EA DK RL DM MK AAA VJ RSdA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HRA VC RR JJR MK. Wrote the paper: OFM EA RSdA.