About the Authors

Koichiro Nishino

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Masashi Toyoda

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Mayu Yamazaki-Inoue

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Hatsune Makino

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Yoshihiro Fukawatase

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Emi Chikazawa

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Yoriko Takahashi

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Yoshitaka Miyagawa

Affiliation Department of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Hajime Okita

Affiliation Department of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Nobutaka Kiyokawa

Affiliation Department of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Hidenori Akutsu

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Akihiro Umezawa

umezawa@1985.jukuin.keio.ac.jp

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: KN AU. Performed the experiments: KN MT MYI. Analyzed the data: KN YT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KN MT MYI HM YF EC YM HO NK HA. Wrote the paper: KN AU.