About the Authors

Parameswaran G. Sreekumar

Contributed equally to this work with: Parameswaran G. Sreekumar, Ram Kannan

Affiliation Arnold and Mabel Beckman Macular Research Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Ram Kannan

Contributed equally to this work with: Parameswaran G. Sreekumar, Ram Kannan

Affiliations Arnold and Mabel Beckman Macular Research Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Mizuki Kitamura

Affiliation Arnold and Mabel Beckman Macular Research Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Christine Spee

Affiliation Arnold and Mabel Beckman Macular Research Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Ernesto Barron

Affiliation Arnold and Mabel Beckman Macular Research Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Stephen J. Ryan

Affiliations Arnold and Mabel Beckman Macular Research Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

David R. Hinton

dhinton@usc.edu

Affiliations Arnold and Mabel Beckman Macular Research Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

Dr. Ryan is a member of the Allergan Board of Directors, which has research programs in retinal neuroprotection.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PGS RK SJR DRH. Performed the experiments: PGS MK CS EB. Analyzed the data: PGS RK MK DRH. Wrote the paper: PGS RK SJR DRH.