About the Authors

Annie Yang

Affiliation Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Zhou Zhu

Affiliation Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Arminja Kettenbach

Affiliation Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Philipp Kapranov

Affiliation Affymetrix, Santa Clara, California, United States of America

Frank McKeon

Affiliation Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Thomas R. Gingeras

Affiliation Affymetrix, Santa Clara, California, United States of America

Kevin Struhl

kevin@hms.harvard.edu

Affiliation Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

Philipp Kapranov and Thomas R. Gingeras were employed by Affymetrix Inc. during this work. Work done at Affymetrix was funded internally, and there was no financial or commercial interest beyond basic research. All data and materials are freely available.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AY KS. Performed the experiments: AY PK. Analyzed the data: AY ZZ KS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AK FDM TG. Wrote the paper: AY KS.