About the Authors

Jerome E. Lee

Contributed equally to this work with: Jerome E. Lee, Ju Youn Lee

Affiliation Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America

Ju Youn Lee

Contributed equally to this work with: Jerome E. Lee, Ju Youn Lee

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America

Jeffrey Wilusz

Affiliations Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America

Bin Tian

These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America

Carol J. Wilusz

cwilusz@colostate.edu

These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JW BT CJW. Performed the experiments: JEL JYL CJW. Analyzed the data: JEL JYL CJW. Wrote the paper: BT CJW.