About the Authors

Goragoch Gesprasert

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Nuanjun Wichukchinda

Affiliation Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand

Masahiko Mori

Affiliation Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

Teiichiro Shiino

Affiliation AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Wattana Auwanit

Affiliation Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand

Busarawan Sriwanthana

Affiliation Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand

Panita Pathipvanich

Affiliation Day Care Center, Lampang Hospital, Lampang, Thailand

Pathom Sawanpanyalert

Affiliation Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand

Toshiyuki Miura

Affiliation Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Prasert Auewarakul

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Arunee Thitithanyanont

scaty@mahidol.ac.th

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Koya Ariyoshi

Affiliations Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan, Global COE Program, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PA AT KA. Performed the experiments: GG NW BS. Analyzed the data: GG MM TS TM KA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: WA BS PP PS. Wrote the paper: MM TM AT KA. Clinical evaluation and patient recruitment: PP. Critical review: TM PA.