About the Authors
- Michael L. Nickerson
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* E-mail: nickersonml@mail.nih.gov (MLN); jweiss@med.wayne.edu (JSW)
Affiliations Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America, Graduate Partnership Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Molecular Medicine Program, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D. C., United States of America
- Brittany N. Kostiha
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Affiliations Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America, Biomedical Science Graduate Program, Hood College, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- Wolfgang Brandt
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Affiliation Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
- William Fredericks
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Affiliation Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Ke-Ping Xu
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Affiliation Kresge Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Fu-Shin Yu
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Affiliation Kresge Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Bert Gold
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Affiliation Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- James Chodosh
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Affiliation Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Marc Goldberg
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Affiliation The Eye Institute, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Da Wen Lu
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Affiliation Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Masakazu Yamada
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Affiliation National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Timo M. Tervo
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Affiliation Helsinki University Eye Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Richard Grutzmacher
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Affiliation Grutzmacher, Lewis, and Sierra, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- Chris Croasdale
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Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Maria Hoeltzenbein
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Affiliation Max-Planck Institut für Molekulare Genetik, Berlin, Germany
- John Sutphin
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Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Prairie Village, Kansas, United States of America
- S. Bruce Malkowicz
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Affiliation Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Ludger Wessjohann
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Affiliation Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Howard S. Kruth
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Affiliation Section of Experimental Atherosclerosis, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Michael Dean
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Affiliation Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- Jayne S. Weiss
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* E-mail: nickersonml@mail.nih.gov (MLN); jweiss@med.wayne.edu (JSW)
Affiliation Kresge Eye Institute and Departments of Ophthalmology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: MLN WB LW HK JW. Performed the experiments: MLN BNK WB KPX BG LW HK MD. Analyzed the data: MLN BNK WB LW HK JW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MLN WF KPX FSY BG JC MAG DWL MY TMT RG CC MH JS SBM LW HK MD JW. Wrote the paper: MLN WB LW HK MD JW.