About the Authors

Chris W. Diehnelt

Affiliation Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

Miti Shah

Affiliation Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

Nidhi Gupta

Affiliation Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

Paul E. Belcher

Affiliation Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

Matthew P. Greving

Affiliation Center for BioOptical Nanotechnology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

Phillip Stafford

Affiliation Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

Stephen Albert Johnston

stephen.johnston@asu.edu

Affiliations Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

Competing Interests

There is a pending patent, “Synthetic Antibodies” (International Patent Application No. PCT/US2009/041570) related to the discovery of synbodies. There is a provisional patent application, “Synbodies to AKT1” (provisional patent number 61/257,408) submitted for the ligands described in this report. The authors have not received any compensation or employment as a result of this patent application. At the present moment, there is no licensing activity or products in development that are associated with this patent application. The authors agree to make materials available upon request.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CWD PS SAJ. Performed the experiments: CWD MS NG PEB MPG. Analyzed the data: CWD MS NG PEB MPG PS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: NG. Wrote the paper: CWD SAJ.