About the Authors

Tanja Zeller

Affiliation Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

Philipp Wild

Affiliation Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

Silke Szymczak

Affiliation Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany

Maxime Rotival

Affiliation INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France

Arne Schillert

Affiliation Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany

Raphaele Castagne

Affiliation INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France

Seraya Maouche

Affiliation INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France

Marine Germain

Affiliation INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France

Karl Lackner

Affiliation Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmediizin, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

Heidi Rossmann

Affiliation Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmediizin, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

Medea Eleftheriadis

Affiliation Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

Christoph R. Sinning

Affiliation Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

Renate B. Schnabel

Affiliation Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

Edith Lubos

Affiliation Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

Detlev Mennerich

Affiliation Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH and Co. KG, Biberach, Germany

Werner Rust

Affiliation Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH and Co. KG, Biberach, Germany

Claire Perret

Affiliation INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France

Carole Proust

Affiliation INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France

Viviane Nicaud

Affiliation INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France

Joseph Loscalzo

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Norbert Hübner

Affiliation Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany

David Tregouet

Affiliation INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France

Thomas Münzel

Affiliation Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

Andreas Ziegler

Affiliation Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany

Laurence Tiret

Affiliation INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France

Stefan Blankenberg

Contributed equally to this work with: Stefan Blankenberg, François Cambien

blankenberg@2-med.klinik.uni-mainz.de (SB) (SB); francois.cambien@upmc.fr (FC) (FC)

Affiliation Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

François Cambien

Contributed equally to this work with: Stefan Blankenberg, François Cambien

blankenberg@2-med.klinik.uni-mainz.de (SB) (SB); francois.cambien@upmc.fr (FC) (FC)

Affiliation INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France

Competing Interests

In this study, Boehringer Ingelheim provided payment for two employees for expression microarray analyses and array purchase and PHILIPS Medical Systems provided instruments for ultrasound studies. However, this does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors of the Journal.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TZ KJL JL NH TM SB FC. Performed the experiments: TZ PSW CRS RBS DM WR CP CP SB. Analyzed the data: SS MR AS RC SM MG ME EL VN DT AZ LT FC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TZ PSW KJL HR ME CRS RBS EL DM WR AZ. Wrote the paper: TZ LT SB FC.