About the Authors

Simon J. Waddell

swaddell@sgul.ac.uk

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Stephen J. Popper

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Kathleen H. Rubins

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Michael J. Griffiths

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Patrick O. Brown

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Michael Levin

Affiliation Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

David A. Relman

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SJW DAR. Performed the experiments: SJW SJP KR. Analyzed the data: SJW SJP KR MJG POB ML DAR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: POB ML DAR. Wrote the paper: SJW SJP KR POB ML DAR.